particle

1. usually kana while; during; as (after the -masu stem of a verb)
2. usually kana while; although; though; despite; in spite of; notwithstanding
3. usually kana all; both
4. usually kana as (e.g. "as always", "as long ago"); in (e.g. "in tears")

prefix

5. while doing something else (at the same time)