particle

1. (forms plain conjunction) and (all senses: becomes で after 五段 verbs ending in ぐ, む, ぶ or ぬ)
2. (and) then (indicates sequential relation)
3. because (of); so; since (indicates causal relation)
4. through (that); by (indicates instrumental relation)
5. although; but; (and) yet (indicates contrastive relation)
6. particle used to connect to auxiliary verbs (as in て-いる, て-いく, etc.)
7. particle used to form compound verbs (as in やって来る)
8. colloquial please (do) (at sentence end; indicates request or light imperative)